Because Peru is a country rich in natural resources and diversity many of its problems arise when these things combine.  Ethinic identity is important to all Peruvians, especially the indigenous people who have experienced countless acts of mistreatment since the moment conquistador Fransisco Pizarro arrived.  From that one moment in history, the wealthy and powerful have ruled the country with an iron fist.  The poor, mainly indians, are of little concern until they get in the way.