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Other uses of coca, including the production of cocaine![]() The drug, cocaine, comes in 5 forms 1) Coca Leaves: The cocaine content in the coca leaf is only 0.1-0.8%. The plants in the higher altitudes tend to have a higher cocaine content then those at lower altitudes. There are different styles in using the leaves to extract the stimulant. The leaves can be rolled into cigarettes or cigars and smoked or the leaves can be infused with a liquid to form a tea.(Cocaine, Its Forms, Methods of Use, and Pharmacology; web page) 2) Coca Paste: The paste is the middle step between the leaf and the powder cocaine. It cannot be injected or snorted, therefore the only use of the coca paste is to burn the substance and inhale. Coca paste is much more popular in South American countries then in the United States. 3) Powder Cocaine: Powder cocaine is derived from dissolving coca paste with hydrochloric acid. Powder cocaine is the most widely used form of cocaine, and it is cocaine at its purest form. Usually cocaine is not necessarily pure. Normally the cocaine is mixed with different additives such as sugars, local anesthetics, or other drugs.(Cocaine, Its Forms, Methods of Use, and Pharmacology; web page) The form of powder cocaine can be snorted, injected, or ingested. Because of its high decompose at high temperatures, the powder base cocaine cannot be smoked, unlike crack cocaine. Powder cocaine loses its potency when the drug is heated above 198 degrees C/388 degrees F. The cocaine alkaloid decomposes at these temperatures and in return does not produce the physiological or psychotropic effects.(Cocaine, Its Forms, Methods of Use, and Pharmacology; web page) 4) Cocaine Base: Cocaine base is a product of powder cocaine. It is created when the cocaine alkaloid is freed from the salt substrate and thus similarly resembles cocaine paste. At this form the cocaine is much more volatile at low temperatures. Where as the powder cocaine would lose potency at 198 C, the cocaine base loses its mind altering affects at 98 C. Cocaine base is not easily absorbed throughout the body and thus does not carry the potency level of powder cocaine. 5) Crack Cocaine: Crack is the solid form of powder cocaine. The purpose of crack cocaine is to allow the user to smoke the cocaine instead of injection or insufflation. A crack cocaine rock can be anywhere between 75-90% pure cocaine. ![]() The administration of cocaine to the body and its potency depends on the rate the drug can be absorbed in the bloodstream and from there transported to the brain.(Cocaine, Its Forms, Methods of Use, and Pharmacology; web page) Absorption into the body depends on the amount of blood flowing to the site of entry into the body and the surface area upon the drug is absorbed. When comparing administration of the drug in different ways, intravenously injection distributes 100% of the drug throughout the body, whereas inhalation or insufflation use decreases the amount of the drug being used efficiently to 30-40%.(Cocaine, Its Forms, Methods of Use, and Pharmacology; webpage) On average ingestion or insufflation of cocaine usual will give the user altered senses of feelings for an hour. Other forms of administration, injection and inhalation, usually alter the users feelings for nearly 30 minutes. ![]() The use of the coca leaf in its natural state is pure and held in high reverence in its native land. Unfortunately the uses of the cocaine had been altered into a powerful mind altering substance that the coca leaf was never meant to be. The production of cocaine has only lead to crime and the continued impoverishment of the Indians in the Andean region of South America. The production of the coca leaf has become a chief source of income in the region and thus would be difficult to eradicate from the land.
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